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第十二章 齿轮传动 |
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12.1.1 齿轮传动的特点和应用
齿轮传动是应用极为广泛的传动形式之一。
特点:能够传递任意两轴间的运动和动力,传动平稳、可靠,效率高,寿命长,结构紧凑,传动速度和功率范围广。但需要专门设备制造,加工精度和安装精度较高,且不适宜远距离传动。
12.1.2 齿轮传动的类型
齿轮传动的类型很多,按照两齿轮传动时的相对运动为平面运动或空间运动,可将其分为平面齿轮传动和空间齿轮传动两大类
1.平面齿轮传动
平面齿轮传动是用于两平行轴之间的传动。
2.空间齿轮传动
空间齿轮传动用于相交轴和交错轴之间的传动。
齿轮传动的类型
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外啮合 |
内啮合 |
齿轮齿条 |
斜齿圆柱齿轮传动
(轮齿与轴不平行) |
外啮合 |
内啮合 |
齿轮齿条 |
人字齿轮传动(轮齿成人字形) |
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传递相交轴运动
(锥齿轮传动) |
直齿
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斜齿 |
传递交错轴运动 |
交错轴斜齿轮传动 |
蜗轮蜗杆传动 |
准双曲面齿轮传动 |
12.1.3 齿廓啮合基本定律
齿轮传动要求准确平稳,即要求在传动过程中,瞬时传动比保持不变,以免产生冲击、振动和噪音。
不论齿廓在任何点接触,过接触点所作两齿廓的公法线必须与连心线交于一固定点,这就是齿廓啮合基本定律。
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